Nondestructive testing (NDT) can be used to determine material properties for applications ranging from assessing the integrity of vintage infrastructure to establishing compliance of raw materials with specifications. However, proper interpretation of NDT results requires an understanding of tool uncertainty and sources of measurement error, along with proper validation of the tool performance. This course will provide a practical overview of current NDT methods for measuring composition, strength, microstructure, and toughness. Topics covered will include: operating principles, strengths, and weaknesses of the different methods; practical approaches to validation of tool performance versus destructive testing; and statistics-based methods to account for measurement uncertainties. Illustrative examples will be drawn from real-world applications including fitness for service assessment of steel infrastructure and material selection for additive repairs.