This course covers the basic and advanced principles, concepts, and operations of medical sensors and devices. The origin and nature of measurable physiological signals are studied, including chemical, electrochemical, optical, and electromagnetic signals. The principles and devices to make the measurements, including a variety of electrodes and sensors, will be discussed first. This will be followed by a rigorous presentation of the design of appropriate electronic instrumentation. Therapeutic instrumentation such as pacemakers, defibrillators, and prosthetic devices will be reviewed. The final part of this course will cover emerging frontiers of cellular and molecular instrumentation and the use of micro- and nanotechnology in these biotechnology fields. The lectures will be followed by realistic experimentation in two laboratory sessions where students will obtain hands-on experience with electronic components, sensors, biopotential measurements, and testing of therapeutic instrumentation.